Western Ghats

A Comprehensive Guide to the Western Ghats: An Unmissable Tourist Destination

The Western Ghats, also known as Sahyadri or the Great Escarpment, is a mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of India. This UNESCO World Heritage Site stretches over 1600 kilometers and is recognized for its biodiversity hotspots and unique ecosystems. Here’s your essential guide to exploring this magnificent natural wonder:

Geography and Climate

  • The Western Ghats range from the southernmost tip of India, Tamil Nadu, up north to Gujarat.
  • It is the only mountain range in India running parallel to the coast.
  • The climate varies across the region, ranging from tropical wet and dry in the south to tropical savanna and subtropical humid in the north.
  • Monsoons play a crucial role in the Ghats’ ecosystem, with heavy rainfall between June and September.

Biodiversity and Wildlife

  • The Western Ghats are home to 325 global and 139 Indian endemic species of plants, making it one of the world’s 8 hottest hotspots for biological diversity.
  • It is also a biodiversity hotspot for animals, with more than 50% of India’s snake and amphibian species residing here.
  • Some notable wildlife includes the Nilgiri Tahr, Bengal Tigers, Indian Elephants, and the Great Indian Bustard.

Key Destinations

  1. Mumbai: The financial capital of India offers a blend of modern city life and natural beauty. Visit Sanjay Gandhi National Park for a glimpse of local wildlife or trek up to the 2077-feet high Gorakhgad Fort.

  2. Khandala: Famous for the Lonavla hill station, Khandala offers beautiful landscapes, waterfalls, and the iconic Bhushi Dam. The Karla and Bhaja caves are also worth a visit.

  3. Mahabaleshwar: A popular hill station in Maharashtra, Mahabaleshwar is known for its strawberries, cascading waterfalls, and verdant valleys. Don’t miss the Arthur Seat Point for panoramic views.

  4. Coorg: Known as the Scotland of India, Coorg offers coffee plantations, misty hills, and beautiful rivers. The Abbey Falls, Omkareshwara Temple, and Golden Temple are must-visit attractions.

  5. Munnar: Located in Kerala, Munnar is famous for its tea plantations, lush green valleys, and the Eravikulam National Park where you can spot the endangered Nilgiri Tahr.

  6. Silent Valley: A national park located in Palakkad district, Silent Valley is one of the last tracts of tropical rainforest in peninsular India. It houses several rare and endemic species.

  7. Periyar National Park: Located in Thekkady, Kerala, this national park is known for its dense evergreen, deciduous forests, and its large herds of elephants. Boat rides on Periyar Lake offer excellent wildlife sighting opportunities.

Tips for Visiting

  • Always respect local customs and traditions when visiting these sensitive ecosystems.
  • Follow the principles of Leave No Trace (LNT) to minimize your impact on the environment.
  • Carry essentials such as water, snacks, sunscreen, and a first-aid kit during treks and hikes.
  • Avoid using plastic and choose eco-friendly options instead.
  • Hire local guides for a deeper understanding of the region’s culture and wildlife.