Parthian Fortresses of Nisa

Guideline for Exploring the Parthian Fortresses of Nisa

Overview

Nisa, located in present-day Turkmenistan, is a significant archaeological site with a rich history dating back to the Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) and further flourishing under the Parthians (247 BC – 226 AD). This comprehensive guide offers insights into the Parthian Fortresses of Nisa, providing valuable information for tourists who wish to delve into its ancient history.

Historical Background

The Parthian Empire was a major force in ancient Asia and marked the transition between the Classical Greek world and the classical Islamic world. Nisa served as one of the three capitals of the Arsacid Empire (the other two being Ctesiphon and Hecatompylos). The site is divided into two main sections: Old Nisa, dating back to the Achaemenids, and New Nisa, established during the Parthian period.

Archaeological Discoveries

Excavations at Nisa began in 1978, revealing various artifacts, architectural structures, and murals that offer a glimpse into the lives of the people who inhabited this ancient city. The most impressive discoveries include:

  1. Terracotta Sculptures: These ornate figurines depict mythological scenes, Parthian warriors, and daily life activities. They are found throughout the site, particularly in the residential area of Old Nisa.

  2. Reliefs and Mural Paintings: The palace at New Nisa features intricate reliefs and murals that showcase Parthian artistry. These decorations often include images of mythical creatures, hunting scenes, and the Parthian royal family.

  3. Palaces and Temples: The remains of several palaces, temples, and other public buildings can be found at Nisa. One notable example is the Royal Palace at New Nisa, which boasts an impressive facade with Corinthian columns.

Visitor Information

Location

Nisa is situated approximately 18 km southeast of Ashgabat, the capital city of Turkmenistan. The site can be easily accessed by car or public transportation.

Opening Hours

The fortress is open daily from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM. It’s recommended to visit during cooler months as temperatures in summer can reach extreme highs.

Entrance Fee

An entrance fee of approximately $5 USD (as of 2021) is required for foreign tourists. Please note that prices are subject to change, and it’s advisable to check the latest fees at the time of your visit.

Guided Tours

While independent exploration is possible, hiring a local guide can greatly enhance your experience by providing insights into the site’s history and culture. Guided tours can be arranged through travel agencies or upon arrival at the site.

Tips for Tourists

  1. Wear appropriate clothing: Turkmenistan has a hot desert climate, so lightweight, breathable clothing is recommended. Modesty is also important, as it is a Muslim-majority country.

  2. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout your visit to avoid dehydration in the heat.

  3. Use sun protection: Apply sunscreen and wear a hat to protect yourself from the intense sunlight.

  4. Respect the site: Be mindful of your surroundings, do not touch any artifacts or structures, and follow any rules or instructions provided by site staff.

Exploring the Parthian Fortresses of Nisa offers an unparalleled opportunity to immerse oneself in the history and culture of ancient Asia. By following this guide, tourists can make the most out of their visit and create lasting memories of this remarkable archaeological site.