National Archeological Park Of Tierradentro

National Archeological Park of Tierradentro: A Comprehensive Guide for Tourists

Welcome to the enchanting world of Tierradentro! Nestled in the heart of Colombia, this national archeological park offers a unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty that promises an unforgettable experience for every traveler. This guide will take you on a journey through time, exploring the rich heritage, breathtaking landscapes, and interesting facts about Tierradentro.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. History and Culture
    • 2.1 Pre-Columbian Period
    • 2.2 Post-Conquest Era
  3. The Sites of Tierradentro
  4. How to Get There and Around
  5. Best Time to Visit
  6. Tips for Visitors
  7. Safety and Responsible Travel
  8. Where to Stay
  9. Local Cuisine and Traditions
  10. Excursions and Activities

Introduction

Tierradentro, meaning “Underground Land,” is a collection of pre-Columbian burial sites scattered across the Cauca department in Colombia. The area is renowned for its unique underground tombs adorned with intricate carvings and paintings, which showcase the rich cultural heritage of the Quimbayan people who inhabited these lands between 600 AD and 1600 AD.

History and Culture

Pre-Columbian Period

The Quimbaya culture flourished in the Cauca Valley during the pre-Columbian era, developing a complex society characterized by advanced metallurgy, pottery, and agriculture techniques. The tombs found in Tierradentro are evidence of their belief in the afterlife and their elaborate funerary rituals.

Post-Conquest Era

After the Spanish conquest, the Quimbaya culture declined, and the region was colonized by settlers from Europe. However, the unique cultural heritage of Tierradentro remained, preserved through generations until it was rediscovered in the 20th century. Today, the area serves as a testament to the rich history and resilience of indigenous cultures in Colombia.

The Sites of Tierradentro

Tierradentro comprises several archaeological sites, each boasting its unique collection of underground tombs. Some notable sites include:

  1. Albiaque: Home to over 60 tombs, Albiaque is one of the most significant sites in Tierradentro. The tombs here are adorned with intricate carvings depicting scenes from daily life, mythology, and agriculture.
  2. Santuario de las Lágrimas: Meaning “Sanctuary of Tears,” this site is home to a series of small tombs carved into the side of a hill. The name comes from the belief that these tombs were filled with tears shed by mourners during funeral ceremonies.
  3. Santuario de las Palmas: This sanctuary boasts some of the most elaborate tomb carvings in Tierradentro, including depictions of agricultural scenes and animals.
  4. San Andres: Located near the town of Inza, San Andres is home to several well-preserved tombs, as well as a small museum displaying artifacts from the site.

How to Get There and Around

The best way to reach Tierradentro is by air, with flights available to the nearby cities of Popayán or Pasto. From there, you can hire a car or take a bus to Inza, the gateway town for Tierradentro. To explore the sites within Tierradentro, you can either rent a car or hire a guide to take you on a tour.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Tierradentro is during the dry season (December to March), when the weather is most favorable for exploring the sites and navigating the hilly terrain.

Tips for Visitors

  • Wear comfortable walking shoes, as much of the exploration involves walking on uneven terrain.
  • Bring sunscreen, a hat, and plenty of water to protect yourself from the sun during your visits.
  • Respect the cultural significance of the sites by avoiding touching or photographing the tombs without permission.

Safety and Responsible Travel

Tierradentro is generally safe for tourists, but it’s essential to take standard safety precautions such as not traveling alone at night and being aware of your surroundings. Always remember to travel responsibly, respect local customs, and minimize your impact on the environment.

Where to Stay

Inza offers a range of accommodation options, from budget hostels to mid-range hotels. You can also find eco-lodges in nearby towns such as San Jose de la Montaña, which offer immersive experiences in the local culture and environment.

Local Cuisine and Traditions

Tierradentro’s cuisine is rich and diverse, with dishes like bandeja paisa, sancocho, and arepas being popular choices. The region is also famous for its coffee, which you can sample in local cafes and farms. In addition to culinary delights, the area is home to vibrant traditional music and dance, such as cumbia and mapale.

Excursions and Activities

In addition to exploring the archaeological sites, there are several other activities you can enjoy in Tierradentro. These include visiting local artisan workshops, hiking through the surrounding hills, birdwatching, and exploring nearby waterfalls such as El Totumo.