Guide to Kunya-Urgench: A Gem of Central Asia

Kunya-Urgench (also known as Konya-Urgench or Kongirgunchi), located in the Khorezm region of modern-day Turkmenistan, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most important historical cities in Central Asia. This comprehensive guide will help you plan an unforgettable visit to Kunya-Urgench.

History

Founded around the 6th century AD as a caravan city on the Silk Road, Kunya-Urgench thrived for centuries due to its strategic location. It was the capital of the Khwarezmian Empire until the Mongol invasion in the 13th century. Despite repeated destructions and abandonment, the city was rebuilt several times, with many of its structures dating back to the 11th-12th centuries.

How to Get There

The nearest international airport is located in Turkmenistan’s capital, Ashgabat. From there, you can take a domestic flight or a train to the city of Dashoguz, followed by a short car ride to Kunya-Urgench (approximately 100km). Alternatively, you can travel overland from Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, or other Central Asian countries.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Kunya-Urgench is from April to October when the weather is milder. Summer months can be extremely hot, while winter brings cold temperatures and occasional snowfall.

What to See

1. Kutlug Timur Mausoleum

Built in the 14th century, this impressive mausoleum is one of the most recognizable structures in Kunya-Urgench. It is named after Amir Temur’s grandson, Kutlug Timur, who was the ruler of the city during the Timurid Empire.

2. Sultan Tekesh Mausoleum

Another prominent mausoleum in the city, built in the 14th century for Sultan Tekesh, the founder of the Golden Horde’s Khorezmian khanate. It features intricate tile work and an unusual design with seven minarets representing the seven days of creation.

3. Al-i Turk Mausoleum

This 12th-century mausoleum is dedicated to the Turkish conquerors who retook the city from the Karakhanids. It is notable for its square shape and the four minarets at each corner.

4. Saturday Mosque (Jum mosque)

The oldest Islamic monument in Kunya-Urgench, dating back to the 11th century. The mosque’s name comes from the fact that Friday prayers were held here on Saturdays due to a miscalculation in the lunar calendar.

5. Khanghyz Dashkoni Mausoleum

A beautifully preserved mausoleum from the 12th century, featuring intricate tilework and a distinctive blue dome. It is dedicated to Khanghyz, a brave warrior who was instrumental in the conquest of Kunya-Urgench by the Turks.

6. Tash Hauli Palace

The most recent addition to the city’s architectural ensemble, built in the early 20th century for the last ruler of Khorezm. It is an impressive example of modern Central Asian architecture and offers beautiful views over the surrounding landscape.

Tips for Your Visit

1. Dress modestly to respect local customs and avoid any potential issues with the authorities.
2. Wear comfortable walking shoes, as you will be exploring a historical city that can involve some walking.
3. Hire a local guide to gain deeper insights into Kunya-Urgench’s history and culture.
4. Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the midday heat.
5. Bring water and snacks for your trip, as facilities may be limited in some areas.
6. Be mindful of your belongings, particularly in crowded areas.
7. Take plenty of photos and enjoy this incredible historical site!