Hegra Archaeological Site Al Hijr Mad in Li

Guide to the Hegra Archaeological Site (Al-Hijr/Madā’in Ṣāliḥ)

Introduction

Welcome to our comprehensive guide about the Hegra Archaeological Site, also known as Al-Hijr or Madā’in Ṣāliḥ! This ancient city, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008, is located in the Al-Madinah region of Saudi Arabia. Hegra serves as a significant example of the Nabatean civilization’s urban planning and architectural prowess.

Historical Background

The Nabateans were an ancient Arab people who thrived from the 4th century BC to the 2nd century AD in northwestern Arabia. They are best known for their skillful use of hydraulics, which they employed to create a sophisticated system of water channels and cisterns that allowed them to grow crops in the arid desert.

Hegra was established around the 1st century BC as a major caravan city on the incense and spice trade routes between Damascus, Petra (in present-day Jordan), and Gaza. Its strategic location made it a significant stopover for traders traveling to and from the Mediterranean coast.

Architectural Highlights

  1. Tombs: Hegra is most famous for its tombs carved into the mountainside, a testament to the Nabateans’ mastery of rock-cut architecture. The tombs vary in size and design, with some featuring intricate facades adorned with columns, cornices, and relief carvings.

  2. Qasr al-Farid (The Solitary Castle): This is the most famous monument at Hegra, characterized by its tall, slender structure and ornate façade. It was built for a high-ranking Nabatean official and serves as a fine example of Nabatean architecture.

  3. Al-Khuraybah: This is the largest settlement at Hegra, featuring numerous tombs, a temple, and a public square. The temple is dedicated to the Nabatean god Dushara.

Visitor Information

  1. Location: Hegra is approximately 90 km northwest of Al-Madinah (Medina). It can be reached by car or via organized tours.

  2. Opening Hours: The site is open daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM during the winter season (October to March) and from 7:30 AM to 6:00 PM during the summer season (April to September).

  3. Admission Fee: There is an entrance fee for adults, children, and seniors. It’s recommended to check the official Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage (SCTH) website for the most current prices.

  4. Guided Tours: Guided tours are available in multiple languages, including English and Arabic. It’s a great way to learn more about the site’s history and significance.

  5. Dress Code: Visitors should dress modestly according to local customs. Women should wear loose-fitting clothes that cover their arms and legs, and men should wear long trousers.

Conclusion

The Hegra Archaeological Site offers a unique glimpse into the rich history and culture of the Nabatean civilization. Its well-preserved tombs, temples, and public spaces are testament to the ingenuity and sophistication of this ancient people. We hope you enjoy your visit!

For more information, please visit the official Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage (SCTH) website: www.scth.gov.sa. Happy travels!