Gordion

Gordion: A Journey Through Ancient Anatolia’s Grandeur

Welcome! This extensive guide will take you on an engaging tour of Gordion, one of Turkey’s most significant and fascinating archaeological sites, steeped in history and mythology.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
    • Brief History
    • Significance
  2. Location & Accessibility
  3. Museum at Gordion
  4. Phrygian Architecture
    • The Royal Tomb
    • The Temple of Dionysus
  5. Mythology and Legends
  6. Modern Excavations
  7. Tourist Information
  8. Visiting Tips
  9. Frequently Asked Questions

1. Introduction

Gordion, located in modern-day Turkey, was the capital of the Phrygian kingdom and is renowned for being the birthplace of King Midas. Dating back to the 8th century BCE, Gordion offers a unique glimpse into the lives and culture of an ancient civilization.

2. Location & Accessibility

Gordion is situated approximately 150 km southeast of Ankara in the city of Polatlı, Bolu Province. The site can be easily reached by car or public transportation, making it a convenient addition to any Turkey travel itinerary.

3. Museum at Gordion

The on-site museum showcases various artifacts discovered during excavations, including pottery, jewelry, and bronze items. Highlights include the famous Phrygian gold artifacts, such as the Midas’ Gold Plate, which is embellished with intricate scenes depicting King Midas’ life.

4. Phrygian Architecture

The Royal Tomb - The most iconic structure at Gordion is the royal tomb of King Midas, discovered in 1957. The tomb features a unique architectural design, with two entrances leading to separate chambers. This layout suggests that the tomb was meant for a king and his queen or consort.

The Temple of Dionysus - Located just outside the city walls, this temple dates back to the 6th century BCE and is dedicated to the Greek god of wine and festivity, Dionysus. The temple’s foundations and several columns still stand today, offering a glimpse into ancient Phrygian religious practices.

5. Mythology and Legends

Gordion is inextricably linked with the legend of King Midas, whose touch could transform everything he touched to gold. The city’s most famous landmark, the chariot, is believed to be associated with this tale. The chariot was discovered intact in the royal tomb and has since become a symbol of Gordion and its rich history.

6. Modern Excavations

Excavations at Gordion have been ongoing since 1950, led by archaeologist Professor Karl Schlörb. The site has provided valuable insights into the lives of the Phrygians and their cultural influences, which extended beyond Anatolia and into Greece and Asia Minor.

7. Tourist Information

  • Best Time to Visit: Spring (March – May) or Autumn (September – November) for pleasant weather conditions.
  • Opening Hours: The site is open from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM daily.
  • Entrance Fee: Approximately $5 USD per person (prices subject to change).
  • Guided Tours: Available upon request; it’s recommended to book in advance for a more enriching experience.

8. Visiting Tips

  • Wear comfortable shoes and clothing, as the site can be quite large, and the weather can be hot during summer months.
  • Bring sunscreen, water, and a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
  • Photography is allowed for personal use, but be mindful of signs indicating restricted areas or specific rules regarding flash photography.

9. Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is Gordion worth visiting? A: Absolutely! Gordion offers a unique glimpse into the lives and culture of an ancient civilization, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

Q: How long does it take to visit Gordion? A: Plan for at least 2 hours to explore the site thoroughly, though you can certainly spend more time if you wish.

Q: Can I buy souvenirs at Gordion? A: There is a small shop near the museum where you can purchase souvenirs related to Gordion and the Phrygians.

A Comprehensive Guide to Gordion: Ancient City and Archaeological Site

Introduction

Gordion is an ancient city located in the Phrygia region of modern-day Turkey, approximately 130 kilometers southeast of Ankara. This fascinating archaeological site has been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 1987 and offers a wealth of historical, cultural, and architectural insights for tourists.

History of Gordion

The history of Gordion dates back to the Early Bronze Age (around 3000 BCE). However, it gained significant prominence during the Iron Age when Phrygia flourished as an independent kingdom (1200-748 BCE). The most famous ruler of Gordion was King Midas, whose legendary reign is associated with turning everything he touched into gold.

After the fall of the Phrygian Kingdom, Gordion came under the control of various empires such as Lydia, Persia, and Alexander the Great’s Macedonia. It eventually became part of the Roman Empire. The site was abandoned around the 5th century CE.

Key Attractions in Gordion

  1. Tumulus of King Midas: This is the most iconic attraction at Gordion. The tumulus (mound) is believed to be the royal burial mound of King Midas, although it has not been definitively identified. Visitors can explore the tomb’s antechamber and main chamber, which contain impressive Phrygian artifacts.

  2. Royal Architecture: The area around the tumulus contains the remains of the royal palace and other significant buildings from the Phrygian period. These structures provide valuable insights into the architectural styles and daily life of the ancient Phrygians.

  3. Temple of Dionysus: Located on a hill near the tumulus, this temple is dedicated to the Greek god of wine and revelry, Dionysus. The well-preserved temple provides a unique glimpse into religious practices during the Hellenistic period.

  4. Phrygian Acropolis: Situated at the highest point in Gordion, the acropolis offers panoramic views of the site. It was used as a military and administrative center during the Phrygian era.

  5. Museum of Gordion: Located in nearby Polatlı, this museum houses numerous artifacts unearthed from the archaeological excavations at Gordion. Highlights include the Golden Buckle of Midas, gold jewelry, and a collection of Phrygian pottery.

Practical Information for Visitors

  1. Opening Hours: The site is open daily except Mondays from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM (April-September) and 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM (October-March).

  2. Admission Fee: There is an entrance fee for the site, which varies based on the season. It is advisable to check current prices before visiting.

  3. Guided Tours: Guided tours are available in multiple languages, providing valuable insights into the history and culture of Gordion.

  4. Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Gordion is during spring (March-May) or autumn (September-November), when temperatures are milder, and the site is less crowded.

  5. Getting There: Gordion is approximately 130 kilometers southeast of Ankara, Turkey’s capital city. Visitors can reach the site by car, bus, or organized tour. There are no direct flights to Gordion; visitors should fly into Ankara Esenboğa International Airport and arrange transportation from there.

Conclusion

Gordion offers a captivating glimpse into the ancient world of Phrygia and provides an unparalleled opportunity for tourists to immerse themselves in history, culture, and archaeology. Whether you are an avid history buff or simply seeking a unique travel experience, Gordion should not be missed.