Gochang, Hwasun And Ganghwa Dolmen Sites

A Comprehensive Guide to Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites

Introduction

Welcome to this in-depth guide about three unique UNESCO World Heritage Sites located in South Korea: Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites. These archaeological sites offer a fascinating glimpse into the Neolithic era (ca. 4500 BCE - ca. 150 BCE) of the Korean Peninsula, providing valuable insights into the lives of ancient peoples.

Gochang Dolmen Site

Location and History

Located in North Jeolla Province, Gochang is one of the three most significant dolmen (stone chamber tombs) sites in Korea. The site consists of approximately 10,000 dolmens and is believed to have been established around 2500 BCE.

Attractions

  • Dolmen Park: Home to thousands of dolmens, the park offers a scenic and educational experience for visitors. The largest dolmen here measures 7.8 meters in length, while some of the smaller ones stand only 1 meter tall.
  • Gochang Folk Museum: This museum provides insight into the lives of people living in the region during the Neolithic and Joseon Dynasty periods through exhibits on farming tools, pottery, textiles, and other artifacts.

Accessibility

Gochang is well-connected by public transportation. Visitors can take a bus or train to Gochang-eup, the county seat of Gochang, and then take a taxi or walk to the dolmen park.

Hwasun Dolmen Site

Location and History

Hwasun is located in South Jeolla Province and features around 2,000 dolmens spread across an area of approximately 7 km². The site is believed to have been established around 3500 BCE.

Attractions

  • Dolmen Park: Similar to Gochang, Hwasun’s dolmen park offers a walk through the past, with its numerous dolmens and related artifacts. Some of the larger dolmens here can measure up to 9 meters in length.
  • Hwasunsa Temple: Near the dolmen park is this historic Buddhist temple, founded during the Silla Dynasty (57 BCE - 935 CE). The temple complex offers peaceful surroundings and beautiful architecture.

Accessibility

Visitors can reach Hwasun by bus or train to Hwasun-eup, followed by a taxi or walk to the dolmen park. Alternatively, guided tours are available for a more comprehensive experience.

Ganghwa Dolmen Site

Location and History

The Ganghwa Dolmen Site is located on Ganghwa Island in Incheon City. The site is believed to have been established around 1500 BCE and consists of approximately 1,600 dolmens.

Attractions

  • Dolmen Park: Visit the dolmen park to explore over a thousand stone chamber tombs, many of which are well preserved.
  • Ganghwa Biennale: If you’re visiting in even-numbered years, don’t miss this international art exhibition that takes place on Ganghwa Island.

Accessibility

Ganghwa is accessible by ferry from Incheon’s Mokpo Port or Yeouido Port. Buses and taxis are available on the island for transport to the dolmen park and other attractions.

Tips for Visitors

  1. Wear comfortable shoes as you’ll be doing a fair amount of walking around the sites.
  2. Always respect the cultural and historical significance of these sites by being mindful of your actions.
  3. Consider visiting during the fall season when the foliage offers beautiful views around the dolmen parks.
  4. If possible, hire a local guide to gain more in-depth insights into the history and culture of each site.
  5. Don’t forget to take plenty of photographs to remember your experience!

Conclusion

These three UNESCO World Heritage Sites offer a unique glimpse into Korea’s Neolithic past, providing valuable insights into the lives of ancient peoples. By visiting these sites, you can better understand Korea’s rich cultural heritage and appreciate its historical significance. Enjoy your journey through time at Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites!