Fatehpur Sikri

A Comprehensive Guide to Fatehpur Sikri: An Architectural Marvel and Historical Treasure

Fatehpur Sikri, a city of ghosts nestled in Agra District, Uttar Pradesh, India, is an architectural wonder and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This deserted city served as the capital of the Mughal Empire under the reign of Emperor Akbar from 1571 to 1585. Here’s a detailed guide for tourists who wish to explore this historic gem.

Geography and Climate

Fatehpur Sikri lies approximately 37 kilometers west of Agra, on the Buland Darwaza Road. The city is built on a ridge that runs east-west, with an average elevation of around 415 meters above sea level. The climate in Fatehpur Sikri is semi-arid subtropical, with hot summers (March to June) and cool winters (November to February).

History

The city was founded in 1569 by Sheikh Salim Chishti, a revered Sufi saint. Akbar, who visited the sheikh seeking blessings for an heir, was granted a son—the future Emperor Jahangir. In gratitude, Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri as his capital and named it after the saint. However, due to scarcity of water, the city was abandoned in 1585 and remains uninhabited to this day.

Architecture

Fatehpur Sikri is a blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural styles, reflecting Akbar’s religious tolerance. Some of its most notable structures include:

  1. Buland Darwaza: Built in 1601 by Akbar to commemorate the victory over Gujarat, this is the world’s highest gateway. It stands an impressive 54 meters tall and offers stunning views of the city.

  2. Jama Masjid: The largest mosque in India at the time of its construction, it serves as a testament to Akbar’s religious tolerance.

  3. Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chishti: This mausoleum is a fine example of Indo-Islamic architecture and houses the tomb of the revered Sufi saint.

  4. Panch Mahal: A five-storied structure built as a watchtower, it is an intriguing mix of Hindu and Persian architectural styles.

  5. Diwane-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience): This is where Akbar held private meetings with dignitaries and religious leaders.

Visiting Fatehpur Sikri

  • Best Time to Visit: October to March, when the weather is pleasant and ideal for sightseeing.

  • Timings: The monument remains open from sunrise to sunset.

  • Entry Fees: Indian tourists pay ₹10 (approximately USD $0.13), while foreigners pay ₹250 (approximately USD $3.40). Children under 15 years enter free of charge.

  • Guided Tours: Hiring a guide can help you understand the history and significance of each monument better.

Practical Tips

  • Dress Code: Respect local culture by wearing modest clothing that covers your shoulders and knees.

  • Water: Carry plenty of water, especially during summer months.

  • Food and Accommodation: There are numerous restaurants and hotels in Agra and Fatehpur Sikri offering a variety of cuisines to cater to tourists.

  • Shopping: Don’t forget to pick up some souvenirs like marble carvings, jewelry, and traditional Indian textiles from the local shops.

Exploring Fatehpur Sikri is an enriching experience that offers a glimpse into the rich history and architectural grandeur of the Mughal Empire. Enjoy your trip!