Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape: A Comprehensive Guide for Tourists

Introduction

Welcome! In this guide, we will delve into the rich history, captivating beauty, and fascinating culture that define the Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape. Located in the southeastern region of Turkey, these remarkable sites offer a unique blend of ancient architecture, lush gardens, and vibrant local life.

Diyarbakır Fortress

History

Diyarbakır Fortress, also known as Diyar-Bekr or Amida, is one of the oldest fortifications in the world. Its history stretches back to the 3rd century BCE when it was founded by the Seleucids. Over the centuries, the city has been ruled by various empires, including the Parthians, Romans, Byzantines, Sassanids, and Arab Caliphates. The fortress reached its zenith during the reign of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century.

Architecture

The Diyarbakır Fortress is a stunning example of ancient architecture, with walls that stretch over 5 kilometers and stand up to 20 meters tall. The most impressive gate is the Double Hevsel Gate, which boasts two towers connected by a bridge. Inside the fortress, you will find several mosques, churches, madrasas (religious schools), and caravanserais (inns for travelers).

Things to Do

• Explore the ancient city: Stroll through the narrow, winding streets of the old city, taking in the historic buildings, vibrant markets, and friendly locals.
• Visit the mosques: Don’t miss the Ulu Mosque (Great Mosque), which dates back to the 16th century and features a beautiful courtyard and minaret.
• Discover the churches: The Syriac Orthodox Church of St. Georges is a must-visit, showcasing stunning frescoes and intricate carvings.
• Climb the towers: For panoramic views of the city and surrounding landscape, climb one of the fortress’s many towers.

Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape

History

The Hevsel Gardens are an integral part of the Diyarbakır Fortress, dating back to the 6th century CE. They were designed as a defensive structure, with canals and moats surrounding the city walls. Over time, they evolved into beautiful gardens, serving as a source of water and food for the inhabitants of Diyarbakır.

Architecture

The Hevsel Gardens feature intricate irrigation systems, canals, and a series of terraces that descend from the fortress walls to the Tigris River. The gardens are dotted with trees, flowers, and fruit-bearing plants, providing a lush oasis in the otherwise arid landscape.

Things to Do

• Stroll through the gardens: Take a leisurely walk through the beautiful Hevsel Gardens, enjoying the tranquil atmosphere and stunning views of the fortress and city.
• Learn about the irrigation system: Discover how the ancient engineers designed and maintained this complex water management system.
• Visit the waterwheel: The historic waterwheel in the gardens is a testament to the ingenuity of those who built the Hevsel Gardens.

Tips for Visitors

• Best time to visit: The best time to explore Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens is during the spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November), when the weather is mild, and the gardens are in bloom.
• Getting there: Diyarbakır can be reached by air via Diyarbakır Airport, or by train or bus from other cities in Turkey. Once there, you can easily reach the fortress on foot or by taxi.
• Dress appropriately: As with any religious site, it is important to dress modestly when visiting mosques and churches. Women should wear long sleeves and skirts that cover their knees, while men should wear long pants.
• Hire a guide: To get the most out of your visit, consider hiring a local guide who can share insights into the history, culture, and daily life of Diyarbakır.

Conclusion

Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape offer an unforgettable journey into the past, showcasing ancient architecture, beautiful gardens, and a rich cultural heritage. Whether you are a history buff, nature lover, or simply seeking a unique travel experience, these remarkable sites will leave you captivated. We hope this guide has inspired you to add Diyarbakır to your travel itinerary!

Safe travels, and we look forward to hearing about your adventures in Diyarbakır!