Coiba National Park and Its Special Zone of Marine Protection

Coiba National Park: A Marine Paradise in Panama

This comprehensive guide is designed to provide you with an insightful exploration of Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection (Zona de Protección Especial Marítima - ZPEM), a pristine and captivating marine ecosystem in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Panama.

Overview

Coiba National Park, established in 2005, is a sprawling archipelago composed of 38 islands and numerous smaller islets, spanning over 276,000 hectares (1,065 square miles). It is located approximately 30 nautical miles off the southwestern coast of Panama. The park was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005 for its outstanding natural beauty and unique biodiversity.

Geography

Coiba National Park showcases an astounding variety of geographical features, including lush tropical rainforests, rugged volcanic landscapes, pristine sandy beaches, and vibrant coral reefs. The largest island within the park is Isla Coiba, covering an area of 138,060 hectares (532 square miles).

Wildlife

Coiba National Park boasts an unparalleled array of marine and terrestrial species, many of which are endemic or threatened. The park is home to the critically endangered Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), as well as various shark species such as the hammerhead shark (Sphyrna spp.).

The terrestrial realm is equally rich in biodiversity, with numerous primate and mammal species residing within the park. The endangered golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) can be found on Isla Coiba, along with other species such as the white-faced capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus), Central American agouti (Dasyprocta punctata), and several deer species.

Special Zone of Marine Protection (ZPEM)

In 2014, Coiba National Park expanded to encompass a Special Zone of Marine Protection (Zona de Protección Especial Marítima - ZPEM). The ZPEM is an area of over 53,000 square kilometers (20,460 square miles) that extends beyond the park’s boundaries and serves as a sanctuary for marine life.

Within the ZPEM, fishing is strictly prohibited, allowing for the recovery and preservation of various fish stocks, coral reefs, and other marine habitats. This unique area also provides essential spawning grounds for numerous species, ensuring their long-term survival and contributing to the overall health of the ocean ecosystem.

Visiting Coiba National Park

To ensure the protection of this fragile ecosystem, access to Coiba National Park is strictly controlled and limited to authorized personnel and guided tours only. Tourists can visit the park through organized trips from the nearby towns of Puerto Quete or Pedregal on the Azuero Peninsula.

When visiting Coiba National Park, it is essential to follow a few guidelines to minimize your impact:

  1. Book an authorized tour with a reputable operator who adheres to park regulations and responsible ecotourism practices.
  2. Observe wildlife from a distance and refrain from feeding or disturbing animals in any way.
  3. Avoid littering, and dispose of waste properly during your visit.
  4. Respect the privacy of local communities within the park.
  5. Use reef-safe sunscreens to minimize harm to marine life.
  6. Take only photographs and leave only footprints, adhering to the principle of “leave no trace.”

Conclusion

Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection are truly unique treasures, offering a mesmerizing glimpse into one of the world’s most biodiverse marine ecosystems. By visiting responsibly and respecting this pristine environment, you can contribute to its conservation and preservation for future generations to enjoy.

Embark on an unforgettable adventure in Coiba National Park, where the wonders of nature await your discovery!