City Of Cuzco

A Comprehensive Guide to Exploring the Enchanting City of Cuzco, Peru

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Historical Background
  3. Geographical Location and Climate
  4. Attractions in and around Cuzco
    • Sacsayhuaman
    • Coricancha (The Temple of the Sun)
    • Qorikancha (The Inka Museum)
    • Cusco Cathedral
    • 12-Angled Stone
    • San Blas (The Artisans’ Neighborhood)
    • San Pedro Market
    • Local Markets
    • Machu Picchu
  5. Food and Drink
  6. Culture and Traditions
  7. Safety Tips
  8. Where to Stay
  9. Getting Around
  10. Tips for Responsible Travel

Introduction

Welcome to the magical city of Cuzco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire! Nestled in the Peruvian Andes at an elevation of 3,400 meters (11,150 feet), this captivating city is a must-visit for any traveler seeking adventure, history, and culture.

Historical Background

Cuzco was founded by Inca ruler Manco Cápac in the 13th century and served as the heart of the Incan Empire until the Spanish conquest in 1533. Today, Cuzco is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcasing an intricate blend of Incan and Spanish architecture, rich cultural traditions, and vibrant markets selling textiles, jewelry, and artifacts.

Geographical Location and Climate

Cuzco is located in the southeastern region of Peru, approximately 780 km (485 mi) east of Lima. The city’s unique geographical location makes it an ideal gateway to the Sacred Valley and Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Cuzco has a temperate climate with cooler temperatures during the day and chilly nights, especially during the dry season (May to October). Travelers should pack layers, including warm clothing for evenings, and ensure they are acclimated to the city’s high altitude to avoid altitude sickness.

Attractions in and around Cuzco

Sacsayhuaman

A short bus ride from downtown Cuzco, Sacsayhuaman is an impressive Incan fortress known for its massive stone walls and architectural ingenuity. The site offers breathtaking views of the city below.

Coricancha (The Temple of the Sun)

Once covered in gold sheets, the Temple of the Sun was the most sacred Incan temple dedicated to Inti, the sun god. Today, the ruins can be found beneath the Dominican Church of Santo Domingo.

Qorikancha (The Inka Museum)

Located near Coricancha, Qorikancha is a small yet informative museum showcasing artifacts and exhibits detailing the Incan way of life.

Cusco Cathedral

One of the most impressive colonial structures in South America, the Cusco Cathedral boasts stunning Baroque architecture, ornate gold altars, and an extensive collection of artwork.

12-Angled Stone

A short walk from the main square, the 12-angled stone is a mystical Incan block that fits perfectly with 11 other stones without the use of mortar.

San Blas (The Artisans’ Neighborhood)

Known for its bohemian atmosphere and cobblestone streets, San Blas is home to countless artisan workshops, cafes, and restaurants.

San Pedro Market

A bustling hub of local life, San Pedro Market offers a glimpse into everyday Cuzco through stalls selling fresh produce, traditional textiles, and handmade crafts.

Local Markets

San Pedro is just one of many markets in and around Cuzco; travelers should also explore the San Blas market for its vibrant textile offerings and Witch’s Market (Mercado de Brujas) for traditional medicines and souvenirs.

Machu Picchu

While not technically located within Cuzco, a visit to this iconic Incan citadel is an essential part of any trip to the region. Take a guided tour or explore on your own as you marvel at the ancient architecture and breathtaking views.

Food and Drink

Cuzco’s culinary scene offers a delightful mix of traditional Peruvian dishes, such as ceviche, lomo saltado, and roasted guinea pig, alongside contemporary fusion cuisine. Don’t forget to try the local chicha de jora, a fermented corn beer, or the delicious Cusqueña beer.

Culture and Traditions

Cuzco is home to numerous indigenous communities that have preserved their ancestral customs and traditions. Travelers can witness traditional Andean music and dance performances, visit local markets, and learn about ancient Incan beliefs and practices.

Safety Tips

As with any travel destination, exercising caution is essential. Avoid carrying large amounts of cash, keep a close eye on personal belongings, and be wary of pickpocketing in crowded areas. It’s also crucial to stay hydrated due to the city’s high altitude.

Where to Stay

Accommodation options in Cuzco range from budget hostels and guesthouses to luxury hotels. Travelers should consider their budget, desired location (e.g., downtown or Sacred Valley), and comfort level when choosing a place to stay.

Getting Around

Taxis and combis (shared vans) are the most common modes of transportation in Cuzco. Travelers can also explore the city on foot, as many attractions are within walking distance from each other.

Tips for Responsible Travel

Always respect local customs and traditions, and try to support sustainable tourism by choosing eco-friendly accommodations, patronizing locally-owned businesses, and minimizing your environmental impact. Additionally, it’s essential to be aware of the ongoing struggles faced by indigenous communities in Cuzco and consider donating to organizations that support their efforts for justice and self-determination.

Embark on an unforgettable journey through the enchanting city of Cuzco and immerse yourself in its rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes!