Bisotun

Bisotun: A Glimpse into Ancient Persia

Welcome! Today, we’re embarking on an exciting journey through time and space as we explore one of the most significant historical sites in Iran - Bisotun. Located approximately 30 km (19 mi) west of the city of Kermanshah, this UNESCO World Heritage Site offers a unique blend of history, art, and natural beauty that appeals to both archaeologists and casual tourists alike.

Bisotun: The Name and Its Origin

The name “Bisotun” is derived from the Old Persian term “Behistun,” which translates to “the place where Gods live.” The site became known by this name due to the presence of the famous Behistun Inscription, carved by Darius the Great in 520 BC, which many believe was a message to the gods.

The Behistun Inscription and Darius the Great

The primary attraction at Bisotum is the magnificent Behistun Inscription, which stands as an enduring testament to the power and grandeur of the Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BC). Commissioned by Darius the Great (ruled 522-486 BC), the inscription provides valuable historical information about ancient Persia.

The inscription consists of three main parts: a relief at the bottom, an Old Persian inscription in the middle, and an Elamite inscription at the top. The relief depicts Darius the Great standing over his defeated enemies, while the inscriptions provide details about his lineage, conquests, and rule.

The Relief of Gaumata

To the right of the main inscription is a separate relief that represents Darius’ defeat of Gaumata (also known as Smerdis), a Magian who usurped the throne after the death of Cambyses II. This relief is significant as it provides insight into the Achaemenid military uniform and the techniques used for warfare during this period.

The Archaeological Site and Surrounding Area

In addition to the Behistun Inscription, the archaeological site at Bisotun includes a large number of rock carvings, caves, and inscriptions dating back to various periods. These artifacts provide valuable insight into the cultural history of the region and offer a fascinating glimpse into the lives of ancient Persians.

The surrounding area is also rich with natural beauty, boasting lush green forests, towering cliffs, and crystal-clear streams. Visitors can enjoy hiking, birdwatching, and picnicking in this picturesque setting.

Visiting Bisotun: Practical Information

  • Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Bisotun is during the spring (March - May) or autumn (September - November) when the weather is mild, and the scenery is at its most beautiful.

  • How to Get There: The easiest way to reach Bisotun is by car, either by hiring a private vehicle or by taking a tour. Regular buses also run from Kermanshah to Bisotun during peak travel seasons.

  • Opening Hours and Fees: The site is open daily from 8:00 AM - 6:00 PM, and the entrance fee is approximately 150,000 Iranian Rials (as of 2021).

  • Safety Tips: Always exercise caution when visiting archaeological sites. Wear comfortable shoes, carry water, and apply sunscreen as necessary. Be respectful of the site and do not touch or disturb any artifacts.

We hope this guide has provided you with a valuable overview of Bisotun and inspired you to visit this remarkable historical site. Until next time, happy exploring!